Blaise Pascal and The Pascaline
Centuries later, many other mechanical machines were developed for the calculation of numbers. In the seventeenth century, the French mathematician Blaize Pascal developed a mechanical digital calculator in 1645.
This machine was called adding machine, because it could only do addition or subtraction. This machine worked on the principle of watch and odometer. It had many toothed wheels which kept rotating. The numbers from 0 to 9 were printed on the teeth of the chakris.
Each wheel has a Place Value, such as units, tens, hundreds, etc. In this, each wheel rotates on a digit after one revolution of the previous wheel by itself. This addin of Blaise Pascal is a machine called Pascaline which was the first mechanical calculating machine .
Even today, the same device works in the speedometer of cars and scooters. In 1694, the German mathematician and philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (1646–1716) prepared a developed form of Pascaline, which is called the 'Reckoning Machine' or Leibniz Wheel.
Apart from addition and subtraction of numbers, this machine also used to do multiplication and division. After this, a similar mechanical calculating device, the Arithmometer, was made by Thomas de Colmar in 1820.
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