What is topology and types of topology

We have learned a lot about networks in the previous post. Let us now know about different topologies. First of all we know what is topology? 

What is topology?

Topology The shape or layout of a network is called. How different nodes of a network are connected to each other and establish communication with each other, determines the topology of that network. Topologies are physical or logical. Topology is the geometric arrangement of computers in a network.

Network topologies are generally of the following types:

1. Ring Topology

We have come to know what a topology is. Let us know what is ring topology?Its advantages and What are disadvantages? (What is ring topology ? What are its benefits and losses?)

There is no host, or central controlling computer in this network. All computers are fitted in the form of a circular shape. Each computer is connected to its subordinate computer, but there is no master computer in them. It is also called a circular network.

Although in a ring network (circular shape), due to the computers being connected to each other, data is exchanged at a simple speed, however, on receiving data from one computer to another computer, the other computers in the middle of it are determined. Have to do whether the said data is for them or not. If this data is not for that computer, then that data is passed on to another computer.

Advantages: 

1. This network works more efficiently, as there is no host or controlling computer in it. 

2. It is more reliable than Star, as it does not depend on any one computer.

3. If one line or computer of this network stops working, then work can be done through the line in the other direction.

Disadvantages:

1. Its speed depends on the computers in the network. If the number of computers is less than the speed is more and if the number of computers is more than the speed goes on decreasing in the same proportion. 

2. It is less popular than the Star network, as it requires very complex software to work on this network .

2. Bus Topology

this section, let us know what is Bus Topology? What are its advantages and disadvantages? (What is bus topology ? What are its benefits and losses?)

Only one cable is used in bus topology. All computers and other devices are connected in this way in a series. A special type of device is attached at the beginning and end of the wire, which is called terminator. Its function is to control the signals in a way.

Advantages:

Easy to install bus topology. It uses less cable than star and tree topology.

Disadvantages:

1. Due to the failure of any one computer, all the data communication stops. 

2. Adding a new computer to the infrastructure is relatively difficult.

3. Star Topology

After knowing about ring and bus topology, now we will know what is star topology? What are its advantages and disadvantages? (What is star topology ? What are its benefits and losses?) This network consists of a host computer which is directly connected to various local computers. As local computers are not directly connected with each other. These are interconnected by the host computer. The entire network is controlled by the host computer itself.

Advantages:

1. In this network topology, the cost of laying a line is reduced in connecting a host computer to a computer. 

2. In this, increasing the number of local computers the exchange of information from one computer to another does not affect speed, because there is only host computer between the two computers.

3. If any local computer fails, the rest of the network is not affected by it.

Disadvantages :

1. This entire system is dependent on the host computer. If the host computer fails, then the entire network will fail.

4. Mesh Topology

Let us know in this section what is Mesh Topology? (What is mesh topology ?) Mesh topology is also called mesh network or mesh. Mesh is a network topology in which devices are connected between network nodes by many additional interconnections. That is,mesh topology each node (tiode) in this connected to all other nodes in the network.

5. Tree Topology 

Now let us know what is tree topology? What are its advantages and disadvantages? (What is tree topology? What are its advantages and disadvantages?)

Tree topology has characteristics of both bus and stationary topologies. It consists of a cluster of workstations, similar to star topology, that are simply connected to a backbone cable. The tree topology can extend the pre-built network.

Advantages :

1. Point to point wire is laid for each segment.

2. Supported by many hardware and software vendors.

Disadvantages :

1. The total length of each segment is limited by the wire used.

2. If the backbone line breaks, the entire segment stops. 

3. It is difficult to wire and configure it as compared to other topologies.

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